Programas de triagem auditiva neonatal: revisão integrativa sobre a efetividade no diagnóstico precoce da perda auditiva
Newborn hearing screening programs: integrative review on the effectiveness of early diagnosis of hearing loss
Leonardo Pires Taborda; Milena Kovalski Oliveira; Dayane Domeneghini Didoné; Rosa Maria Rodrigues
Resumo
Palavras-chave
Abstract
Purpose: To identify in the literature the effectiveness, efficiency, and impact of neonatal hearing screening (NHS) services in the early detection of hearing loss (HL) in newborns, considering different global socioeconomic contexts.
Research strategy: The search was conducted in the BVS, SciELO, and PubMed databases, using descriptors and Boolean operators according to the PICO strategy. Two reviewers selected the studies in two phases: screening of titles/abstracts and full-text reading.
Selection criteria: Included studies were those published between 2010 and 2024, in Portuguese, English, or Spanish, that evaluated or described NHS programs (NHSP). Exclusion criteria comprised studies that did not mention the diagnostic stage, especially those that did not report the mean age at diagnosis, as well as reviews, theses, dissertations, book chapters, and restricted-access articles. In total, 30 studies were included from 1,202 identified. Data extraction followed NHS guidelines and was systematized according to Donabedian’s triad: structure, process, and outcome. Analysis was performed using Excel software, through percentage-based calculations.
Results: A minority of NHSP presented an integrated database, and discrepancies were observed in screening protocols. Shortages of services, professionals, and equipment were evident. While some studies reported satisfactory coverage, high dropout rates were noted. Few studies addressed interventions.
Conclusion: NHSP present structural, procedural, and outcome-related limitations, particularly in developing countries. Delayed completion was observed in all stages of NHS, reinforcing the need to strengthen public policies, invest in protocol standardization, expand coverage, and establish unified databases.
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References
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Submitted date:
08/22/2025
Accepted date:
10/02/2025
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